![]() ![]() What does that mean? Is it a “thing”, an “action”, or an “activity”? Well, it could be anything that could result in any harm. ![]() ISO 14971 defines a hazard as a potential source of harm. In the sections below, we will look into each of the three basic terms - hazard, hazardous situation and harm - in more detail. The result is a disastrous fatal crash with no survivors. The hazardous situation in this case, as shown in the bottom right of the graphic above, is the failure to achieve altitude after take off due to these events. ![]() This sequence of events is shown in the top right of the graphic above. When the pilots tried to counter by trying to manually get the plane to nose-up, the MCAS continued to issue the nose-down commands. The trigger event was faulty sensor data from the Angle of Attack (AOA) sensor which caused the MCAS to activate in an effort to stabilize the plane by lowering the nose. In both of these crashes, a sequence of events unfolded due to the interaction between pilot actions and a software control called the Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (MCAS). Last year, we were reminded of the risk by two nearly back-to-back fatal crashes of the Boeing 737 Max 8 aircraft that led to a combined 346 fatalities and the worldwide grounding of the entire fleet. Yet, despite a strong track record of safety, commercial aviation is a hazardous activity. Flying is a routine activity and there are thousands of commercial flights every day.
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